This example shows how to write an aspect as a POJO with no AOP related info defined in aspect class. All the AOP related info is defined declaratively in XML configuration file.
Following example contains an aspect named OurAspect.java which contains three advices named ourAfterAdvice(), ourAfterReturningAdvice() and ourAfterThrowingAdvice(). These advices are applied to the methods (pointcuts) defined in XML file.
ourAfterAdvice() is a after-advice called every time after a method completes its execution, regardless whether the method has completed its execution successfully or not.
ourAfterReturningAdvice() is a after-returning advice called after a method completes its execution BUT only when method returns succesfully (no exception).
Similarly ourAfterThrowingAdvice() is a after-throwing advice called after a method completes its execution BUT only when method could not be completed succesfully (i.e exception).
Steps
1) Write EmployeeService interface and its implementation EmployeeServiceImpl.
2) Write MainApp class which use methods of EmployeeService interface.
3) Write aspect class named OurAspect.java.
4) Define pointcuts(methods) where advices would be applied in XML file.
Technologies Used
1) Spring-framework-3.0.6.RELEASE
2) Eclipse Java EE IDE Helios Release (Eclipse version 3.6)
3) Java SE 6
Code
EmployeeService.java
package examples.springaop.xml;
public interface EmployeeService{
public void addEmployee();
public String getEmployeebyName(String id);
}
EmployeeServiceImpl.java
package examples.springaop.xml;
public class EmployeeServiceImpl implements EmployeeService{
public void addEmployee(){
System.out.println("\n\n\naddEmployee() called. One Employee Added !");
}
public String getEmployeebyName(String id) throws NullPointerException{
System.out.println("\n\n\ngetEmployeebyName() called.");
if(id==null)
throw new NullPointerException("ID cannot be null!");
String empName = "Name"+id;
return empName;
}
}
MainApp.java
package examples.springaop.xml;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MainApp{
public static void main(String args[]){
ApplicationContext appContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("resources/ApplicationContext.xml");
EmployeeService empService = (EmployeeService)appContext.getBean("empService");
empService.addEmployee();
empService.getEmployeebyName("id1");
/*Causing exception to be thrown by this method*/
empService.getEmployeebyName(null);
}
}
OurAspect.java
package examples.springaop.xml;
public class OurAspect{
public void ourAfterAdvice(){
System.out.println("This is After Advice, called after the method completion (in both Normal or Exceptional completion).");
}
public void ourAfterReturningAdvice(){
System.out.println("This is After Returning Advice, called only when method completes its execution succesfully(i.e NO Exception)");
}
public void ourAfterThrowingAdvice(){
System.out.println("This is After Throwing Advice, called when method COULD NOT be completed succesfully(i.e Exception thrown)");
}
}
ApplicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
<bean id="empService" class="examples.springaop.xml.EmployeeServiceImpl"/>
<bean id="empAspect" class="examples.springaop.xml.OurAspect"/>
<aop:config>
<aop:aspect ref="empAspect">
<aop:pointcut id="addEmp" expression="execution(* examples.springaop.xml.EmployeeService.addEmployee(..))" />
<aop:pointcut id="getEmp" expression="execution(* examples.springaop.xml.EmployeeService.getEmployeebyName(..))" />
<!-- Adding three advices to addEmployee() -->
<aop:after pointcut-ref="addEmp" method="ourAfterAdvice"/>
<aop:after-returning pointcut-ref="addEmp" method="ourAfterReturningAdvice"/>
<aop:after-throwing pointcut-ref="addEmp" method="ourAfterThrowingAdvice"/>
<!-- Adding three advices to getEmployeebyName() -->
<aop:after pointcut-ref="getEmp" method="ourAfterAdvice"/>
<aop:after-returning pointcut-ref="getEmp" method="ourAfterReturningAdvice"/>
<aop:after-throwing pointcut-ref="getEmp" method="ourAfterThrowingAdvice"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
</beans>
Output
Note the advices called after the three method calls.
We have applied after, after-returning and after-throwing advices to both methods. But not all advices have been called every time.
Since addEmployee() has not thrown any exception so after-throwing advice has not been called after this method.
Similarly first call of getEmployeebyName() method returns successfully so after-returning advice got called but not the after-throwing advice.
But second call to getEmployeebyName() has thrown exception. Here we have intentionally thrown the exception. As method has not completed its execution successfully so after-throwing advice has been called not the after-returning advice.
Also note that after advice is called every time.
Jars Used
org.springframework.context-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.core-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.beans-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
org.springframework.asm-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.aop-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar
com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar
org.springframework.expression-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar
aspectjweaver-1.6.8.jar
Following example contains an aspect named OurAspect.java which contains three advices named ourAfterAdvice(), ourAfterReturningAdvice() and ourAfterThrowingAdvice(). These advices are applied to the methods (pointcuts) defined in XML file.
ourAfterAdvice() is a after-advice called every time after a method completes its execution, regardless whether the method has completed its execution successfully or not.
ourAfterReturningAdvice() is a after-returning advice called after a method completes its execution BUT only when method returns succesfully (no exception).
Similarly ourAfterThrowingAdvice() is a after-throwing advice called after a method completes its execution BUT only when method could not be completed succesfully (i.e exception).
Steps
1) Write EmployeeService interface and its implementation EmployeeServiceImpl.
2) Write MainApp class which use methods of EmployeeService interface.
3) Write aspect class named OurAspect.java.
4) Define pointcuts(methods) where advices would be applied in XML file.
Technologies Used
1) Spring-framework-3.0.6.RELEASE
2) Eclipse Java EE IDE Helios Release (Eclipse version 3.6)
3) Java SE 6
Code
EmployeeService.java
package examples.springaop.xml;
public interface EmployeeService{
public void addEmployee();
public String getEmployeebyName(String id);
}
EmployeeServiceImpl.java
package examples.springaop.xml;
public class EmployeeServiceImpl implements EmployeeService{
public void addEmployee(){
System.out.println("\n\n\naddEmployee() called. One Employee Added !");
}
public String getEmployeebyName(String id) throws NullPointerException{
System.out.println("\n\n\ngetEmployeebyName() called.");
if(id==null)
throw new NullPointerException("ID cannot be null!");
String empName = "Name"+id;
return empName;
}
}
MainApp.java
package examples.springaop.xml;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MainApp{
public static void main(String args[]){
ApplicationContext appContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("resources/ApplicationContext.xml");
EmployeeService empService = (EmployeeService)appContext.getBean("empService");
empService.addEmployee();
empService.getEmployeebyName("id1");
/*Causing exception to be thrown by this method*/
empService.getEmployeebyName(null);
}
}
OurAspect.java
package examples.springaop.xml;
public class OurAspect{
public void ourAfterAdvice(){
System.out.println("This is After Advice, called after the method completion (in both Normal or Exceptional completion).");
}
public void ourAfterReturningAdvice(){
System.out.println("This is After Returning Advice, called only when method completes its execution succesfully(i.e NO Exception)");
}
public void ourAfterThrowingAdvice(){
System.out.println("This is After Throwing Advice, called when method COULD NOT be completed succesfully(i.e Exception thrown)");
}
}
ApplicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
<bean id="empService" class="examples.springaop.xml.EmployeeServiceImpl"/>
<bean id="empAspect" class="examples.springaop.xml.OurAspect"/>
<aop:config>
<aop:aspect ref="empAspect">
<aop:pointcut id="addEmp" expression="execution(* examples.springaop.xml.EmployeeService.addEmployee(..))" />
<aop:pointcut id="getEmp" expression="execution(* examples.springaop.xml.EmployeeService.getEmployeebyName(..))" />
<!-- Adding three advices to addEmployee() -->
<aop:after pointcut-ref="addEmp" method="ourAfterAdvice"/>
<aop:after-returning pointcut-ref="addEmp" method="ourAfterReturningAdvice"/>
<aop:after-throwing pointcut-ref="addEmp" method="ourAfterThrowingAdvice"/>
<!-- Adding three advices to getEmployeebyName() -->
<aop:after pointcut-ref="getEmp" method="ourAfterAdvice"/>
<aop:after-returning pointcut-ref="getEmp" method="ourAfterReturningAdvice"/>
<aop:after-throwing pointcut-ref="getEmp" method="ourAfterThrowingAdvice"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
</beans>
Output
addEmployee() called. One Employee Added !
This is After Advice, called after the method completion (in both Normal or Exceptional completion).
This is After Returning Advice, called only when method completes its execution successfully (i.e NO Exception)
getEmployeebyName() called.
This is After Advice, called after the method completion (in both Normal or Exceptional completion).
This is After Returning Advice, called only when method completes its execution succesfully(i.e NO Exception)
getEmployeebyName() called.
This is After Advice, called after the method completion (in both Normal or Exceptional completion).
This is After Throwing Advice, called when method COULD NOT be completed successfully(i.e Exception thrown)
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException: ID cannot be null!
at examples.springaop.xml.EmployeeServiceImpl.getEmployeebyName(EmployeeServiceImpl.java:15)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
This is After Advice, called after the method completion (in both Normal or Exceptional completion).
This is After Returning Advice, called only when method completes its execution successfully (i.e NO Exception)
getEmployeebyName() called.
This is After Advice, called after the method completion (in both Normal or Exceptional completion).
This is After Returning Advice, called only when method completes its execution succesfully(i.e NO Exception)
getEmployeebyName() called.
This is After Advice, called after the method completion (in both Normal or Exceptional completion).
This is After Throwing Advice, called when method COULD NOT be completed successfully(i.e Exception thrown)
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException: ID cannot be null!
at examples.springaop.xml.EmployeeServiceImpl.getEmployeebyName(EmployeeServiceImpl.java:15)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
Note the advices called after the three method calls.
We have applied after, after-returning and after-throwing advices to both methods. But not all advices have been called every time.
Since addEmployee() has not thrown any exception so after-throwing advice has not been called after this method.
Similarly first call of getEmployeebyName() method returns successfully so after-returning advice got called but not the after-throwing advice.
But second call to getEmployeebyName() has thrown exception. Here we have intentionally thrown the exception. As method has not completed its execution successfully so after-throwing advice has been called not the after-returning advice.
Also note that after advice is called every time.
Jars Used
org.springframework.context-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.core-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.beans-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
org.springframework.asm-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.aop-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar
com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar
org.springframework.expression-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar
aspectjweaver-1.6.8.jar
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